What Is A Flame Arrester And How Do They Work?

 

What Is A Flame Arrester?

The flame arrestors, also referred to as arrestors are devices that permit the passage of gases and prevent the transmission of flames. Many factors influence the eruption process like the chemical composition of the mixture, pressure waves,pre-compression, and flame propagation speed. However, thanks to advances in technology the use of flame arresters can be used in a variety of circumstances to stop the flame and stop large fire explosions.

There is a fascinating story that is related the Flame arresters. The credit for recognizing the working principle is given directly to the late Sir Humphry Davy. He came up with this innovative method to English mining industry. He was also looking for ways to avoid fires from oil lamps. Sir Humphry studied the way methane burns under different circumstances. He discovered a method to enclose the fire in a secure way using an imposing cylinder made composed of finely weaved wire known as gauze of metal 1815.

What Are The Different Types Of Flame Arresters?

Modern Flame arresters are divided in two different types. The first is the end-of-line, also referred to as a vent-to-atmosphere-based Flame arrester. Another is an in-line Deflagration also known as Detonation Flame arrester. Both are based using the same basic principle. They eliminate heat from the flame when it tries to move through the narrow walls of steel or other materials that conduct heat. They are used extensively in various industries, including chemical, pharmaceuticals and petrochemicals, mining, production of oil, as well as power generation.

How Do Modern Flame Arresters Work?

The devices known as flame arresters are passive that stop the spread of flame. They are shaped like an encased metal ribbon which controls the flame. The system has open-ended openings which deactivate fire by absorption of heat from the flame. The extinguisher serves as a barrier for the vapor mixture that is ignited. A flame arrester helps to facilitate the flow of vapor or gas across the pipes. If there is an ignition, the flames move through the piping and back and the arrester blocks the flame from returning towards the source of gas.

In-Line Deflagration Or Detonation Flame Arrester

In-line flame arresters are applications that capture gases released by solids and liquids. This kind of arrester is commonly used in the industrial sector and is referred to as the vapor control systems.The gases released to the air or controlled through the controlled vapor system are extremely fire-proof. In the event of ignition the flames will be produced, that could cause a disaster. Another kind of systems for controlling vapors is the vapor destruction system. it is comprised of enclosed flare systems and wastewater gas boilers.

Sometimes, In-line Deflagration can be utilized in end-of-line applications. For example, an inline device can be installed beneath a vent valve for a tank on a tank for storage of liquids. The Valve minimizes the emissions and reduces product loss, and the flame arrester safeguards the tank from fires that may enter the air during the venting of gasses with flammable properties.

End Of Line Or Vent-To-Atmosphere Flame Arrester

These arresters permit open venting and flame protection in vertical venting applications. They stop flame spread by absorbing heat and dissipating it by using crimped spiral wound of stainless steel. End-of-line fire arresters are commonly used in vents in petroleum storage tanks.

The primary use of them is stopping fires in the atmosphere from getting into an enclosure. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, for example there was a trend for flame arresters to be placed at the vents in storage tanks for oilfields. They stop the tanks from blowing up when the gas that flows through these vents gets struck by lightning.

However, some end-of-line arresters keep fire within an enclosure from creating an explosive atmosphere like in refineries. For example, these devices can be found in furnace air intakes and exhaust stacks.

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